"[63], In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Northern Caucasus experienced an Islamic (as well as a national) renaissance. And the first Adhan, call to worship, in Russia, was made on the lands of Dagestan, the mufti said. In 2021, while economies were on the road to recovery, the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, which began in the first quarter of 2022, put the world economy in jeopardy once again. Immigrants and migrant workers from Central Asia, which experts estimate at six to seven million, are mostly Muslim. When guests from the Middle East visit Russia, they say ties within the Russian Ummah were exemplary, the Mufti explained. Since Soviet times, the Russian government has divided Russia into a number of Muslim Spiritual Directorates. 100 (18111913 .). Ivan the Terrible subjugated the Tatars and forcibly converted[citation needed] some of them to Christianity. If the trend continues, the Muslim population could outnumber ethnic Russians within 30 years. The rector of the madrasah Ilyas hazrat Ziganshin and the first deputy head of the Executive Committee of the World Congress of the Tatars Mars Tukaev also took part in the meeting. Ravil Gainutdin, chairman of the Council of Muftis. [101] Buddhists are home to a sizeable population in three Siberian republics: Buryatia, Tuva, Zabaykalsky Krai, and in Kalmykia; the only region in Europe where Buddhism is the most practised religion. The current population of the Russian Federation is 146,093,083 as of Tuesday, January 17, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Various estimates place the current Muslim population in Russia at between 14 million and, people, or between 10 to 14 percent of Russia's total, According to experts, Russias [Muslim] population will increase to 30 percent in a decade and a half,. Now, up to 20 percent of the population may be Muslim," he said. [10] As of 2020, the overall life expectancy in Russia at birth was 71.54 years (66.49 years for males and 76.43 years for females). Regarded as criminals and often referred to as "blacks" or chernozhopy (black asses), they include people from Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and other regions in the Caucasus Mountains. [77], For centuries, the Tatars constituted the only Muslim ethnic group in European Russia, with Tatar language being the only language used in their mosques, a situation which saw rapid change over the course of the 20th century as a large number of Caucasian and Central Asian Muslims migrated to central Russian cities and began attending Tatar-speaking mosques, generating pressure on the imams of such mosques to begin using Russian. [69] Putin is believed to have backed protests by Muslims in Russia against Charlie Hebdo cartoons and the West.[70]. "When I was a kid, everything about religion was kept quiet" one Dagestan resident told the Los Angeles Times, "You'd say things like, 'have you washed yet today?' While Muslims in Asia have reached more than two-thirds of the world's Muslim population living on this continent. He says that the Khanty-Mansiisk district is "a unique Siberian region" in that about 15 percent of its population consists of Muslims, mostly from the Middle Volga, Central Asia and the Caucasus. According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. After the bombings in Moscow in 1999, which were blamed on Chechens, dark-skinned people Caucasus were afraid to leave their homes in Moscow except for brief dashes to buy food. Many of the religious leaders were poorly trained and seemed more interested in politics than religion. The Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and Don Cossack hosts had Kalmyks in their ranks. The trend of Russification has continued at different paces in the rest of Tsarist and Soviet periods, so that[citation needed] as of 2014[update] more Tatars lived outside the Republic of Tatarstan than inside it. Population Research and Policy Review, 2000, 19: 397419. The Russian government, for its part, fears the rise of political Islam of the violent sort that Russians witnessed in the 1980s firsthand in Afghanistan and secondhand in Iran. The Russian army rounded up people, driving Muslims from their villages to ports on the Black Sea, where they awaited ships provided by the neighboring Ottoman Empire. The number of Muslims is increasing, in part because their birthrate is higher. [82] Russian is the second-most used language on the Internet after English,[83] and is one of two official languages aboard the International Space Station,[84] as well as one of the six official languages of the United Nations. [53][54][55][56], A chain e-mail spread a hoax speech attributed to Putin which called for tough assimilation policies on immigrants, no evidence of any such speech can be found in Russian media or Duma archives. The Chechen separatists were internally divided between the Islamic extremists, the more moderate pro-independent Muslim Chechens and the traditional Islamic authorities with various positions towards Chechen independence. Putin has called for tolerance and stated that Islam is a peaceful religion but at same time he has characterized the war in Chechnya as battle between Christians and Muslims and has said, If you are a Christian you are in danger.. Russia is among the world's most educated countries, and has the third-highest proportion of tertiary-level graduates in terms of percentage of population, at 62%. 1%), Baptists, Pentecostals, Lutherans and other Protestant churches (together totalling about 0.5% of the population) and Old Believers. However, the Chechen government's grip on Chechnya was weak, especially outside the ruined capital Grozny. [76] The III International Conference on Hajj Management attended by some 170 delegates from 12 counties was held in Kazan from 7 9 July 2011. " Russia's Turning Muslim, Says Mufti " is the startling headline in the Times of London today. In the 2021 Census, roughly 71.7% of the population were ethnic Russians, 16.7% of the population were ethnic minorities and 11.6% did not state an ethnicity. [83] The mayor of Moscow claims that four mosques are sufficient for the population. On Hitler's birthday (April 21), 2001, 300 young hoodlums ransacked stalls at a Moscow market, belonging mostly to people from Caucasus region and Central Asia, killing three peoplea Tajik, Azerbaijani and an Indian. *. Muslims are followers of the religion Islam, who believe in and live by the teachings of the prophet Muhammad. Russia's population in 2021 hit147.2 million, the state-owned Rossiiskaya Gazeta daily reported Monday, citing census data. Various Russian, Caucasus, and Western historians agree on the figure of c. 500,000 inhabitants of the highland Caucasus being deported by Russia in the 1860s. The Hindu population growth rate is expected to fall even further. Last modified on Mon 26 Oct 2020 00.37 EDT. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, more than 300,000 Russian citizens and residents are estimated to have left Russia by mid-March 2022, at least 500,000 by the end of August 2022, and an additional 400,000 by early October,[citation needed] as political refugees, economic migrants, and conscientious objectors,[44][45][46][47][48] making a total of approximately 900,000. Through the . Russia Will Be One-Third Muslim in 15 Years, Chief Mufti Predicts March 5, 2019 Ravil Gainutdin, chairman of the Council of Muftis Alexander Avilov / Moskva News Agency Around 30 percent of the. Azamatov, Danil D. (1998), "The Muftis of the Orenburg Spiritual Assembly in the 18th and 19th Centuries: The Struggle for Power in Russia's Muslim Institution", in Anke von Kugelgen; Michael Kemper; Allen J. Frank, Muslim culture in Russia and Central Asia from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, vol. Russian president Vladimir Putin has said that Orthodox Christianity is much closer to Islam than Catholicism is. Under the tsars, the Muslim clergy was brought within Russian bureaucratic structure and given salaries. The comments follow the beheading of a French schoolteacher for showing cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad to students. Germany and the United Kingdom also have large muslim populations with 4.95 million and 4.13. Muslims in India - With over 209 million followers (2021), Islam is the second-largest religion in India after Hinduism. Federal regions also have their own departments of health that oversee local administration. [19] The Russians initially demonstrated a willingness in allowing Islam to flourish as Muslim clerics were invited into the various regions to preach to the Muslims, particularly the Kazakhs, whom the Russians viewed with contempt. Leaders in Dagestan have urged people to join together in a "single spiritual space.". Russia, the largest country in the world by area, had a population of 147.2 million according to the 2021 census,[1] or 144.7 million when excluding Crimea and Sevastopol,[a] up from 142.8 million in the 2010 census. The Union of Muslims of Russia is the direct successor to the pre-World War I Union of Muslims, which had its own faction in the Russian Duma. [67], At the end of the Second Chechen War, in 2005, Chechen rebel leader, Abdul-Halim Sadulayev, decreed the formation of a Caucasus Front against Russia, among Islamic believers in the North Caucasus, in an attempt to widen Chechnya's conflict with Russia. [102], Russia has an adult literacy rate of 100%. United Ummah: We do not divide Muslims into Shias and Sunnis, for us they are all members of the United Muslim Ummah [community], Gaynetdin said. A Chechen refugee went to Red Square to meet his girlfriend and was slapped and stabbed through the heart by a Russian nationalist. Robert Crews's study of Muslims living under the Tsar indicates that "the mass of Muslims" was loyal to that regime after Catherine, and sided with it over its Ottoman rival. Central Muslim Spiritual Board of Russia - official website, Russia Mufties Council - official website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Russia&oldid=1118586644, This page was last edited on 27 October 2022, at 20:33. In the middle Volga Basin are large populations of Tatars, Udmurts, and Chuvash, most of whom are Muslims. The total Land Area of Russia is 16,377,742 sq. The Muslim Spiritual Authority is in the Caucasus, which acts as the coordination centre of Muslims in the North Caucasus. Germans, Poles, and Lithuanians were allowed to be sold to Crimean Tatars in Moscow. Ruling Russia: Law, Crime, and Justice in a Changing Society. The 2000 estimates appear to have undercounted Muslims in Cyprus, France, Guatemala, Hungary, Slovakia and Vietnam, while overcounting the number in Laos, Lesotho and Taiwan. The Grand Mufti of Russia, Sheikh Rawil Gaynetdin, places the Muslim population of Russia at 25 million as of 2018. [32][33] They were judged suitable for inundating opponents but not intense fighting. Kazan has a large Muslim population (probably the second after Moscow urban group of the Muslims and the biggest indigenous group in Russia) and is home to the Russian Islamic University in Kazan, Tatarstan. [61] Tatar Muslims are engaging in a revival under Putin. . ", "Fact Check: No record of Putin's speech on Muslims", "Russian President Vladimir Putin Says No to Sharia-Fiction! An Odesa-based migrant told Crisis Group, however, that the community in that city alone was 1,000-families strong. ", "The North Caucasus Bilingualism and Language Identity", "Usage statistics of content languages for websites", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, "Linguistic rights and education in the republics of the Russian Federation: towards unity through uniformity", "Linguistic Diversity In Russia Is A Threat To Sovereignty Or A Condition Of Cohesion? [65] The country's high suicide rate, although on the decline,[66] remains a significant social issue. Anti-Muslim feelings were stoked by the war in Chechnya and terrorist attacks by Chechen fighters in the 1990s and early 2000s. Shireen Tahmasseb Hunter, Jeffrey L. Thomas, Alexander Melikishvili. The Friday pay of prayer was a work day and few women wore veils or head coverings. According to US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. Saint Petersburg, Russia Population (2023) - Population Stat Saint Petersburg, Russia Population Population in Urban Area, now 5,521,095 World: 76th Europe: 6th Russia: 2nd Population in City Area, 2022-08-17 5,351,935 World: 43rd Europe: 3rd Russia: 2nd Saint Petersburg Urban Area Population Graph 18111913 . Some of those who closely followed the teachings of Islam have lost their jobs; mosques have also been closed. [111] There are ten highly prestigious federal universities across the country. [82] The city has permitted the existence of four mosques. Prayer beads, women with headcoverings and men with long beards became more common sights in areas inhabited by Muslims. Although history of Islam religion in India dates back to 12th century, the nation is currently home to over 10% of the world's Muslim population. Some Muslim ethnic groups have been among the most resistant minorities to becoming part of unfied Russia. 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